什麼是語文語法錯誤

Ⅰ 什麼是語法錯誤

1．句子成分殘缺不全

We always working till late at night before taking exams.（誤）
We are always working /We always work till late at night before taking exams（正）
We should read books may be useful to us. （誤）
We should read books which may be useful to us. （正）
2．句子成分多餘
This test is end, but there is another test is waiting for you. （誤）
One test ends, but another is waiting for you. （正）
The driver of the red car was died on the spot. （誤）
The driver of the red car died on the spot. （正）
3．主謂不一致
Someone/Somebody think that reading should be selective. （誤）
Some think that reading should be selective. （正）
My sister go to the cinema at least once a week. （誤）
My sister goes to the cinema at least once a week. （正）
4．動詞時態、語態的誤用
I was walking along the road, and there are not so many cars on the street. （誤）
I was walking along the road and there were not so many vehicles on the street. （正）
We have little time to read some books which we interest. （誤）
We have little time to read some books in which we are interested. （正）
I am a student who has studying in the college for two years. （誤）
I have been studying in the college for two years（正）
5．詞類混淆
It is my point that reading must be selectively. （誤）
In my opinion, reading must be selective. （正）
Honest is so important for everyperson. （誤）
Honesty is so important for everyone. （正）
The old man was hit by a car when he across the street. （誤）
The old man was hit by a car when he was crossing the street. （正）
6．名詞可數與不可數的誤用
Too much tests are disadvantage for students』 study. （誤）
Too many tests are disadvantageous to students. （正）
In modern society, people are under various pressures（誤）
In modern society, people are under various kinds of pressure. （正）
7．動詞及物與不及物的誤用
The traffic accident was taken place at the junction of two highways. （誤）
The traffic accident took place at the junction of two highways. （正）
because of his excellent performance, the boss rose his salary. （誤）
because of his excellent performance, the boss raised his salary. （正）
8．介詞to和不定式符號的混淆
Too many tests will do harm to cultivate our independent thinking. （誤）
Too many tests will do harm to the cultivation of our independent thinking. （正）
All these contributed to solve the serious problem. （誤）
All these contributed to the solution to the serious problem. （正）
9．情態動詞的誤用
It may not good to our health. （誤）
It may be not good to our health. （正）
They should spent much time. （誤）
They should spend much time. （正）
10. There be句型的誤用
There exists some new problems such as being dishonest. （誤）
There exist/arise some new problems such as being dishonest. （正）
There are many way to solve the tuition and fees of college ecation. （誤）
There are many ways to raise the money for the tuition and fees for college ecation. （正）
1.動賓搭配不當
We must pay attention to it and make solutions to the problem. （誤）
We must pay attention and find a solution to the problem. （正）
It also may help you to make success. （誤）
It may also help you succeed/obtain your goal. （正）
2.根據中文逐字硬譯
If someone』s family situation is not well, he can apply for loan to bank. （誤）
If one』s family is not well off, he can apply to the bank for a loan. （正） Let alone touch the outside world of campus/keep a good body health（誤）
Let alone get in touch with the world outside of the campus/keep fit（正）
上面這些錯誤比較典型、集中，請大家務必要注意，其他的錯誤，如單詞拼寫、大小寫、標點符號的誤用等，可謂千姿百態，無奇不有，在此就不一一列舉。

Ⅱ 中小學語文語法錯誤

小學生語法錯誤：
1、主語不明確，如：
同時敘述倆三個人的一段話，句子中都用他、他、他，讀起來分不出是那一個人。
2、 同詞前後顛倒，如：
我們要運用和理解已經學會的成語。

Ⅲ 語文病句類型有哪些

常見的六大病句類型是：語序不當、搭配不當、成分殘缺、結構混亂、表意不明、不合邏輯。

拓展資料.常見病句有以下六大類：

（1）語序不當

例：我國棉花的生產，長期不能自給。（定語與中心語位置顛倒，應該為：我國生產的棉花，長期不能自給。）

（2）搭配不當

例：感情的洪流在翻滾，渾身的熱血在呼嘯。（「熱血」只能「沸騰」，不能「呼嘯」）

（3）成分殘缺

例：近兩年來，他們在全縣推廣了馬河大隊堅持的科學種田。（「推廣」什麼？缺賓語「……的經驗「。）

（4）結構混亂

例：這辦法又衛生，又方便，深受群眾所喜愛。（或說「深受群眾喜愛」，或說「深為群眾所喜愛」）

（5）表意不明

例：縣里通知說，讓趙鄉長九月15日前去匯報。（可以理解為「15日/前去匯報」）也可理解為「15日前/去匯報」）

（6）不合邏輯

例：他是全部死難者中的倖免的一個。（「死難者」與「倖免」矛盾。）

Ⅳ 語文語法錯誤有哪幾種

語序顛倒
缺少主語
前後矛盾
用詞不當

Ⅳ 小學語文作文中常見的語法錯誤

語法錯誤具體分類如下：
1. 主謂關系中人稱和數量不一致性（person/number agreement）錯誤
由於漢語的動詞不受主語的人稱和數的影響，英語的謂語動詞要和主語保持一致，謂語動詞要隨著主語而變化。而學生主要用漢語思維，因此他們往往沒有習慣去考慮主語是第幾人稱，是單數還是復數。例如：
a. A number of students is going to learn a foreign language.
b. He go to school by bike every day.
分析：
a句中a number of +復數名詞做主語時，其謂語動詞用復數形式。b中 He是第三人稱單數，在一般現在時態中謂語動詞go應該加es。
2．時態（Tense）
高中生在寫作中經常在時態方面犯錯誤。英語時態種類繁多，動詞的構成形式隨著時態的變化而變化。中文裡沒有時態區分。動作或動詞的時間由跟在動詞後的諸如 「著」、「了」、「過」等副詞小詞來表示，對高中生來說，掌握英語的時態不是很容易。實際上，學習者在頭腦里很清楚語法規則，但經常混淆或忘記改變動詞的詞形。例如：
a. A baby can cry as soon as it was born.
b. I spend 50 yuan buying the clothes.
c. I will not come here if it will rain tomorrow.
正確的句子：
a. A baby can cry as soon as it is born.
b. I spent 50 yuan buying the clothes.
c. I will not come here if it rains tomorrow.
分析：第一句是一個常識問題，應該用一般現在時態。第二句「我買這件衣服花了50元」應該是過去時態。第三句主句是一般將來時，從句是一般現在時態。
3．語態錯誤
動詞的被動式在英語中比比皆是，學生由於漢語思維的影響，很少考慮到用被動語態（Passive Voice）。雖然中文裡也有被動式的含義，但與英語里被動式表達方式完全不同。英語里的被動式要求有助動詞be和一個變異的過去分詞形式，其中這個助動詞帶有時態和人稱數量信息，中文裡需要使用諸如「被」、「使」、「讓」等詞語，不需要有不規則的動詞形式。